Tetris in Python

#!/usr/bin/env python "tetris -- a brand new game written in python" import sys, random, time, select, os, termios width = 10 height = 22 blocks = [ [ (0,0), (0,1), (0,-1), (1,0) ], # T [ (0,0), (0,1), (0,2), (0,-1) ], # I [ (0,0), (0,1), (1,1), (-1,0) ], # S [ (0,0), (0,-1), (1,-1), (-1,0) ], # Z [ (0,0), (0,1), (1,1), (1,0) ], # O [ (0,0), (-1,1), (-1,0), (1,0) ], # L [ (0,0), (1,1), (-1,0), (1,0) ], # J ] inverted = '\033[7;1m' blue = '\033[7;34m' normal = '\033[0m' clear_screen = '\033[2J' # clear the screen home = '\033[H' # goto top left corner of the screen # (the latter two were found using 'clear | od -c') empty = ' ' black = inverted + ' ' + normal # two inverted spaces blue = blue + ' ' + normal # two inverted spaces floor = '==' left = 'left' right = 'right' turn = 'turn' down = 'down' quit = 'quit' shaft = None def play_tetris(): initialize_shaft() while True: # until game is lost block = get_random_block() coordinates = (width/2-1, 1) # in the middle at the top if not place_block(block, coordinates, blue): # collision already? return # game is lost! next_fall_time = time.time() + fall_delay() # ^^^ this is the time when the block will fall automatically # one line down while True: # until block is placed fixedly print_shaft() remove_block(block, coordinates) x, y = coordinates try: try: command = get_command(next_fall_time) except Timeout: # no command given raise Fall() else: # no exception, so process command: if command == left: new_coordinates = (x-1, y) new_block = block elif command == right: new_coordinates = (x+1, y) new_block = block elif command == turn: new_coordinates = (x, y) new_block = turn_block(block) elif command == down: raise Fall() elif command == quit: return else: raise Exception("internal error: %r" % command) if place_block(new_block, new_coordinates, blue): # command ok? # execute the command: block = new_block coordinates = new_coordinates else: place_block(block, coordinates, blue) # ignore the command which could not be executed # maybe beep here or something ;-> except Fall: # make the block fall automatically: new_coordinates = (x, y+1) next_fall_time = time.time() + fall_delay() if place_block(block, new_coordinates, blue): # can be placed? coordinates = new_coordinates else: place_block(block, coordinates, black) # place block there again break # and bail out remove_full_lines() class Timeout(Exception): pass class Fall(Exception): pass def remove_full_lines(): global shaft, width, height def line_full(line): global width for x in range(width): if line[x] == empty: return False return True def remove_line(y): global shaft, width del shaft[y] # cut out line shaft.insert(0, [ empty ] * width) # fill up with an empty line for y in range(height): if line_full(shaft[y]): remove_line(y) def fall_delay(): return 1.3 # cheap version; implement raising difficulty here def turn_block(block): "return a turned copy(!) of the given block" result = [] for x, y in block: result.append((y, -x)) return result def get_command(next_fall_time): "if a command is entered, return it; otherwise raise the exception Timeout" while True: # until a timeout occurs or a command is found: timeout = next_fall_time - time.time() if timeout > 0.0: (r, w, e) = select.select([ sys.stdin ], [], [], timeout) else: raise Timeout() if sys.stdin not in r: # not input on stdin? raise Timeout() key = os.read(sys.stdin.fileno(), 1) if key == 'j': return left elif key == 'l': return right elif key == 'k': return turn elif key == ' ': return down elif key == 'q': return quit else: # any other key: ignore pass def place_block(block, coordinates, color): "if the given block can be placed in the shaft at the given coordinates"\ " then place it there and return True; return False otherwise and do not"\ " place anything" global shaft, width, height block_x, block_y = coordinates for stone_x, stone_y in block: x = block_x + stone_x y = block_y + stone_y if (x < 0 or x >= width or y < 0 or y >= height or # border collision? shaft[y][x] != empty): # block collision? return False # cannot be placed there # reached here? ==> can be placed there # now really place it: for stone_x, stone_y in block: x = block_x + stone_x y = block_y + stone_y shaft[y][x] = color return True def remove_block(block, coordinates): global shaft block_x, block_y = coordinates for stone_x, stone_y in block: x = block_x + stone_x y = block_y + stone_y shaft[y][x] = empty def get_random_block(): if random.randint(1, 10) == 1: return perfect_block() or random.choice(blocks) return random.choice(blocks) def perfect_block(): result = [] for y in range(height): if filter(lambda b: b != empty, shaft[y]): # found summit random_order = range(width) random.shuffle(random_order) for x in random_order: if shaft[y][x] == empty: # found space besides summit for x_ in range(width-x): # fill to the right if shaft[y][x+x_] != empty: break for y_ in range(height-y): if shaft[y+y_][x+x_] == empty: result.append((x_, y_)) else: break for x_ in range(-1, -x-1, -1): # fill to the left if shaft[y][x+x_] != empty: break for y_ in range(height-y): if shaft[y+y_][x+x_] == empty: result.append((x_, y_)) else: break # shift block in x direction to center it: xmin = min(map(lambda v: v[0], result)) xmax = max(map(lambda v: v[0], result)) return map(lambda v: (v[0]-(xmax+xmin)/2, v[1]), result) return None def initialize_shaft(): global width, height, shaft, empty shaft = [ None ] * height for y in range(height): shaft[y] = [ empty ] * width def print_shaft(): # cursor-goto top left corner: sys.stdout.write(home) for y in range(height): if y > 3: # does this line have a border? (the topmost ones do not) sys.stdout.write(']') else: sys.stdout.write(' ') for x in range(width): sys.stdout.write(shaft[y][x]) if y > 3: # does this line have a border? (the topmost ones do not) sys.stdout.write('[\n') else: sys.stdout.write('\n') # print bottom: sys.stdout.write(']' + floor * width + '[\n') def prepare_tty(): "set the terminal in char mode (return each keyboard press at once) and"\ " switch off echoing of this input; return the original settings" stdin_fd = sys.stdin.fileno() # will most likely be 0 ;-> old_stdin_config = termios.tcgetattr(stdin_fd) [ iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc ] = \ termios.tcgetattr(stdin_fd) cc[termios.VTIME] = 1 cc[termios.VMIN] = 1 iflag = iflag & ~(termios.IGNBRK | termios.BRKINT | termios.PARMRK | termios.ISTRIP | termios.INLCR | termios.IGNCR | #termios.ICRNL | termios.IXON) # oflag = oflag & ~termios.OPOST cflag = cflag | termios.CS8 lflag = lflag & ~(termios.ECHO | termios.ECHONL | termios.ICANON | # termios.ISIG | termios.IEXTEN) termios.tcsetattr(stdin_fd, termios.TCSANOW, [ iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc ]) return (stdin_fd, old_stdin_config) def cleanup_tty(original_tty_settings): "restore the original terminal settings" stdin_fd, old_stdin_config = original_tty_settings termios.tcsetattr(stdin_fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, old_stdin_config) original_tty_settings = prepare_tty() # switch off line buffering etc. sys.stdout.write(clear_screen) try: # ensure that tty will be reset in the end play_tetris() finally: cleanup_tty(original_tty_settings)